在如今的生活中，二維碼隨處可見，二維碼的出現既減少了宣傳紙張的浪費，又方便了人們的生活。這一篇我來說說 Java 利用第三方 Jar 包 zxing 生成二維碼。

依賴

<dependency> <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId> <artifactId>core</artifactId> <version>3.3.3</version></dependency><dependency> <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId> <artifactId>javase</artifactId> <version>3.3.3</version></dependency>

生成二維碼

package code;import com.google.zxing.*;import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64OutputStream;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.io.*;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;public class QRCodeKit { public static final String QRCODE_DEFAULT_CHARSET = 'UTF-8'; public static final int QRCODE_DEFAULT_HEIGHT = 300; public static final int QRCODE_DEFAULT_WIDTH = 300; private static final int BLACK = 0xFF000000; private static final int WHITE = 0xFFFFFFFF; public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, NotFoundException { String data = 'https://www.jianshu.com/p/748aa03cc1e8?ddd=dsdsdsdsddsdsdsdsdsdsdsdsd'; File logoFile = new File('C:/1.png'); BufferedImage image = QRCodeKit.createQRCodeWithLogo(data, logoFile); ImageIO.write(image, 'png', new File('D:/result7.png')); System.out.println('done'); } /** * Create qrcode with default settings * * @param data * @return * @author stefli */ public static BufferedImage createQRCode(String data) { return createQRCode(data, QRCODE_DEFAULT_WIDTH, QRCODE_DEFAULT_HEIGHT); } /** * Create qrcode with default charset * * @param data * @param width * @param height * @return * @author stefli */ public static BufferedImage createQRCode(String data, int width, int height) { return createQRCode(data, QRCODE_DEFAULT_CHARSET, width, height); } /** * Create qrcode with specified charset * * @param data * @param charset * @param width * @param height * @return * @author stefli */ public static BufferedImage createQRCode(String data, String charset, int width, int height) { Map hint = new HashMap(); hint.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H); hint.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, charset); return createQRCode(data, charset, hint, width, height); } /** * Create qrcode with specified hint * * @param data * @param charset * @param hint * @param width * @param height * @return * @author stefli */ public static BufferedImage createQRCode(String data, String charset, Map<EncodeHintType, ?> hint, int width, int height) { BitMatrix matrix; try { matrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(new String(data.getBytes(charset), charset), BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hint); return toBufferedImage(matrix); } catch (WriterException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage(), e); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage(), e); } } /** * toBufferedImage * * @param matrix * @return */ public static BufferedImage toBufferedImage(BitMatrix matrix) { int width = matrix.getWidth(); int height = matrix.getHeight(); BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) { for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {image.setRGB(x, y, matrix.get(x, y) ? BLACK : WHITE); } } return image; } /** * Create qrcode with default settings and logo * * @param data * @param logoFile * @return * @author stefli */ public static BufferedImage createQRCodeWithLogo(String data, File logoFile) { return createQRCodeWithLogo(data, QRCODE_DEFAULT_WIDTH, QRCODE_DEFAULT_HEIGHT, logoFile); } /** * Create qrcode with default charset and logo * * @param data * @param width * @param height * @param logoFile * @return * @author stefli */ public static BufferedImage createQRCodeWithLogo(String data, int width, int height, File logoFile) { return createQRCodeWithLogo(data, QRCODE_DEFAULT_CHARSET, width, height, logoFile); } /** * Create qrcode with specified charset and logo * * @param data * @param charset * @param width * @param height * @param logoFile * @return * @author stefli */ @SuppressWarnings({'unchecked', 'rawtypes'}) public static BufferedImage createQRCodeWithLogo(String data, String charset, int width, int height, File logoFile) { Map hint = new HashMap(); hint.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H); hint.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, charset); hint.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 2); return createQRCodeWithLogo(data, charset, hint, width, height, logoFile); } /** * Create qrcode with specified hint and logo * * @param data * @param charset * @param hint * @param width * @param height * @param logoFile * @return * @author stefli */ public static BufferedImage createQRCodeWithLogo(String data, String charset, Map<EncodeHintType, ?> hint, int width, int height, File logoFile) { try { BufferedImage qrcode = createQRCode(data, charset, hint, width, height); BufferedImage logo = ImageIO.read(logoFile); BufferedImage combined = new BufferedImage(height, width, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB); Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) combined.getGraphics(); //設置二維碼大小，太大，會覆蓋二維碼，此處20% int logoWidth = logo.getWidth() > qrcode.getWidth() * 2 / 10 ? (qrcode.getWidth() * 2 / 10) : logo.getWidth(); int logoHeight = logo.getHeight() > qrcode.getHeight() * 2 / 10 ? (qrcode.getHeight() * 2 / 10) : logo.getHeight(); //設置logo圖片放置位置--中心 int x = Math.round((qrcode.getWidth() - logoWidth) / 2); int y = Math.round((qrcode.getHeight() - logoHeight) / 2); g.drawImage(qrcode, 0, 0, null); g.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_OVER, 1f)); //開始合并繪制圖片 g.drawImage(logo, x, y, logoWidth, logoHeight, null); g.drawRoundRect(x, y, logoWidth, logoHeight, 15, 15); //logo邊框大小 g.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3)); //logo邊框顏色 g.setColor(Color.white); g.drawRoundRect(x, y, logoWidth, logoHeight, 15, 15); g.dispose(); logo.flush(); qrcode.flush(); return combined; } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage(), e); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage(), e); } } /** * Return base64 for image * * @param image * @return * @author stefli */ public static String getImageBase64String(BufferedImage image) { String result = null; try { ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); OutputStream b64 = new Base64OutputStream(os); ImageIO.write(image, 'png', b64); result = os.toString('UTF-8'); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage(), e); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage(), e); } return result; } /** * Decode the base64Image data to image * * @param base64ImageString * @param file * @author stefli */ public static void convertBase64StringToImage(String base64ImageString, File file) { FileOutputStream os; try { Base64 d = new Base64(); byte[] bs = d.decode(base64ImageString); os = new FileOutputStream(file.getAbsolutePath()); os.write(bs); os.close(); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage(), e); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage(), e); } catch (Exception e) { throw new RuntimeException(e.getMessage(), e); } }}

import java.awt.Color;import java.awt.Font;import java.awt.Graphics2D;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.File;import java.util.Arrays;import java.util.Date;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils; import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType;import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource;import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;import com.google.zxing.Result;import com.google.zxing.WriterException;import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageConfig;import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel; /** * ZXing二維碼生成/解碼 */public class ZXingCode { public static void main(String[] args) throws WriterException { try { String logoPath = 'F:/logo.jpg'; String logo_savePath = 'F:/' + new Date().getTime() + '.png'; String str = toQRCode('http://blog.csdn.net/phil_jing', logoPath, logo_savePath, 'CSDN博客'); System.out.println('finished zxing QRcode encode.'); System.out.println(Arrays.toString(Base64.decodeBase64(str))); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 生成二維碼圖片 * @param content * @param logoPath * @param savePath * @param remark * @return */ public static String toQRCode(String content, String logoPath, String savePath, String remark) { int width = 400, height = 400; try { BufferedImage bim = toBufferedImage(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, toDecodeHintType()); return encode(bim, logoPath, savePath, new LogoConfig(), remark); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } /** * 是否需要給二維碼圖片添加Logo * @param bim * @param logoPath * @param savePath * @param logoConfig * @param remark * @return */ private static String encode(BufferedImage bim, String logoPath, String savePath, LogoConfig logoConfig, String remark) { ByteArrayOutputStream baos = null; try { /** * 讀取二維碼圖片 */ BufferedImage image = bim; if(StringUtils.isBlank(logoPath)){ //不需要添加logobaos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();baos.flush();ImageIO.write(image, 'png', baos);//流輸出//ImageIO.write(bim, 'png', new File(savePath));//直接寫入某路徑，本地測試加上return Base64.encodeBase64URLSafeString(baos.toByteArray());//Encodes binary data using a URL-safe variation of the base64 algorithm } /** * 構建繪圖對象 */ Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics(); /** * 讀取Logo圖片 */ BufferedImage logo = ImageIO.read(new File(logoPath)); /** * 設置logo的大小,設置為二維碼圖片的20%,因為過大會蓋掉二維碼 */ int widthLogo = logo.getWidth(null) > image.getWidth() * 3 / 10 ? (image.getWidth() * 3 / 10) : logo.getWidth(null), heightLogo = logo.getHeight(null) > image.getHeight() * 3 / 10 ? (image.getHeight() * 3 / 10) : logo.getWidth(null); /** * logo放在中心 */ int x = (image.getWidth() - widthLogo) / 2; int y = (image.getHeight() - heightLogo) / 2; /** * logo放在右下角 int x = (image.getWidth() - widthLogo); int y = (image.getHeight() - heightLogo); */ // 開始繪制圖片 g.drawImage(logo, x, y, widthLogo, heightLogo, null); // g.drawRoundRect(x, y, widthLogo, heightLogo, 15, 15); // g.setStroke(new BasicStroke(logoConfig.getBorder())); // g.setColor(logoConfig.getBorderColor()); // g.drawRect(x, y, widthLogo, heightLogo); g.dispose(); // 把備注添加上去，備注不要太長超過兩行會自動截取 if ( StringUtils.isNotBlank(remark)){// 新的圖片，把帶logo的二維碼下面加上文字BufferedImage outImage = new BufferedImage(400, 445, BufferedImage.TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR);Graphics2D outg = outImage.createGraphics();// 畫二維碼到新的面板outg.drawImage(image, 0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight(), null);// 畫文字到新的面板outg.setColor(Color.BLACK);outg.setFont(new Font('微軟雅黑', Font.BOLD, 30)); // 字體、字型、字號int strWidth = outg.getFontMetrics().stringWidth(remark);if (strWidth > 399) { // //長度過長就截取前面部分 // outg.drawString(productName, 0, image.getHeight() + // (outImage.getHeight() - image.getHeight())/2 + 5 ); //畫文字 String productName1 = remark.substring(0, remark.length() / 2); String productName2 = remark.substring(remark.length() / 2, remark.length()); int strWidth1 = outg.getFontMetrics().stringWidth(productName1); int strWidth2 = outg.getFontMetrics().stringWidth(productName2); outg.drawString(productName1, 200 - strWidth1 / 2, image.getHeight() + (outImage.getHeight() - image.getHeight()) / 2 + 12); BufferedImage outImage2 = new BufferedImage(400, 485, BufferedImage.TYPE_4BYTE_ABGR); Graphics2D outg2 = outImage2.createGraphics(); outg2.drawImage(outImage, 0, 0, outImage.getWidth(), outImage.getHeight(), null); outg2.setColor(Color.BLACK); outg2.setFont(new Font('微軟雅黑', Font.BOLD, 30)); // 字體、字型、字號 outg2.drawString(productName2, 200 - strWidth2 / 2, outImage.getHeight() + (outImage2.getHeight() - outImage.getHeight()) / 2 + 5); outg2.dispose(); outImage2.flush(); outImage = outImage2;} else { outg.drawString(remark, 200 - strWidth / 2, image.getHeight() + (outImage.getHeight() - image.getHeight()) / 2 + 12); // 畫文字}outg.dispose();outImage.flush();image = outImage; } logo.flush(); image.flush(); baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); baos.flush(); ImageIO.write(image, 'png', baos); //不用MatrixToImageWriter //ImageIO.write(image, 'png', new File(savePath));//直接寫入某路徑 return Base64.encodeBase64URLSafeString(baos.toByteArray()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { IOUtils.closeQuietly(baos); } return null; } /** * 生成二維碼bufferedImage圖片 * @param content 編碼內容 * @param barcodeFormat 編碼類型 * @param width 圖片寬度 * @param height 圖片高度 * @param hints 設置參數 * @return */ private static BufferedImage toBufferedImage(String content, BarcodeFormat barcodeFormat, int width, int height, Map<EncodeHintType, ?> hints) { MultiFormatWriter multiFormatWriter = null; BitMatrix bitMatrix = null; BufferedImage image = null; try { multiFormatWriter = new MultiFormatWriter(); // 參數順序分別為：編碼內容，編碼類型，生成圖片寬度，生成圖片高度，設置參數 bitMatrix = multiFormatWriter.encode(content, barcodeFormat, width, height, hints); int w = bitMatrix.getWidth(); int h = bitMatrix.getHeight(); image = new BufferedImage(w, h, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB); // 開始利用二維碼數據創建Bitmap圖片，分別設為黑（0xFFFFFFFF）白（0xFF000000）兩色 for (int x = 0; x < w; x++) {for (int y = 0; y < h; y++) { image.setRGB(x, y, bitMatrix.get(x, y) ? MatrixToImageConfig.BLACK : MatrixToImageConfig.WHITE);} } } catch (WriterException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return image; } /** * 設置二維碼的格式參數 * @return */ private static Map<EncodeHintType, Object> toDecodeHintType() { // 用于設置QR二維碼參數 Map<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<EncodeHintType, Object>(); // 設置QR二維碼的糾錯級別（H為最高級別）具體級別信息 hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H); // 設置編碼方式 hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, 'UTF-8'); hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 0); //hints.put(EncodeHintType.MAX_SIZE, 350);//Only applicable to Data Matrix now //hints.put(EncodeHintType.MIN_SIZE, 100);//Only applicable to Data Matrix now return hints; } /** * 二維碼解碼 * * @param imgPath * @return */ public static String decode(String imgPath) { BufferedImage image = null; Result result = null; try { File file = new File(imgPath); image = ImageIO.read(file); if (image == null) {System.out.println('the decode image may be not exit.'); } LuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image); BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source)); Map<DecodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<DecodeHintType, Object>(); hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, 'UTF-8'); result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints); return result.getText(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; }}/** * Logo圖片配置 */class LogoConfig { // logo默認邊框顏色 public static final Color DEFAULT_BORDERCOLOR = Color.WHITE; // logo默認邊框寬度 public static final int DEFAULT_BORDER = 2; // logo大小默認為照片的1/5 public static final int DEFAULT_LOGOPART = 5; private final int border = DEFAULT_BORDER; private final Color borderColor; private final int logoPart; /** * Creates a default config with on color {@link #BLACK} and off color * {@link #WHITE}, generating normal black-on-white barcodes. */ public LogoConfig() { this(DEFAULT_BORDERCOLOR, DEFAULT_LOGOPART); } public LogoConfig(Color borderColor, int logoPart) { this.borderColor = borderColor; this.logoPart = logoPart; } public Color getBorderColor() { return borderColor; } public int getBorder() { return border; } public int getLogoPart() { return logoPart; }}

生成條形碼

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.io.File; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource;import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;import com.google.zxing.Result;import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer; /** * ZXing條形碼編碼/解碼 */public class ZxingCode { /** * 條形碼編碼 * * @param contents * @param width * @param height * @param imgPath */ public static void encode(String contents, int width, int height, String imgPath) { int codeWidth = 3 + // start guard(7 * 6) + // left bars+ // middle guard(7 * 6) + // right bars3; // end guard codeWidth = Math.max(codeWidth, width); try { BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(contents,BarcodeFormat.EAN_13, codeWidth, height, null); MatrixToImageWriter.writeToFile(bitMatrix, 'png', new File(imgPath)); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 條形碼解碼 * * @param imgPath * @return String */ public static String decode(String imgPath) { BufferedImage image = null; Result result = null; try { image = ImageIO.read(new File(imgPath)); if (image == null) {System.out.println('the decode image may be not exit.'); } LuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image); BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source)); result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, null); return result.getText(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { String imgPath = 'F:/zxing_EAN-13.png'; String contents = '6926557300360'; int width = 105, height = 50; encode(contents, width, height, imgPath); System.out.println('finished zxing EAN-13 encode.'); String decodeContent = decode(imgPath); System.out.println('解碼內容如下：' + decodeContent); System.out.println('finished zxing EAN-13 decode.'); }}

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