棧（Stack）是一種運算受限的線性表。

按照先進后出(FILO，First In Last Out)的原則存儲數據，先進入的數據被壓入棧底，最后的數據在棧頂。棧只能在一端進行插入和刪除操作。

文章內容包含：

（1）棧的基本格式（2）壓棧 push_stack（3）出棧 pop_stack（4）取棧頂 peek_stack

class Stack(): def __init__ (self,size):self.size = size #棧空間大小self.top = -1 #棧中進入一個數據 top 加 1self.stack = [] def display_stack(self):#棧stack的打印print(self.stack)if __name__ == '__main__': stack = Stack(5) #設定棧空間 stack.display_stack() #打印棧數據二、進棧與壓棧 push_stack

class Stack(): def __init__ (self,size):self.size = sizeself.top = -1self.stack = [] #進棧數據列表 def display_stack(self):print(self.stack) def push_stack(self,data):if len(self.stack ) >= self.size: #當數據數量大于設置的空間，則棧溢出 print('stack over flow!') returnself.stack.append(data) #沒有棧溢出就將數據追加到列表中self.top += 1 #棧中每增加一個數據就加 1if __name__ == '__main__': stack = Stack(5) stack.push_stack(0) stack.push_stack(1) stack.push_stack(2) stack.push_stack(3) stack.push_stack(4) stack.push_stack(5) #stack空間是 5，這里進棧數據時 6 個，即提示棧溢出stack over flow！ stack.display_stack()

執行結果：

class Stack(): def __init__ (self,size):self.size = sizeself.top = -1self.stack = [] #進棧數據列表 def display_stack(self):print(self.stack) def push_stack(self,data):if len(self.stack ) >= self.size: print('stack over flow!') returnself.stack.append(data)self.top += 1 def pop_stack(self):if self.top <= -1: #當top小于等于初始值 -1 時說明stack數據列表為空 print('stack is empty!') returnret = self.stack.pop() #stack數據列表不為空就取出最后進的值，列表數據數量就少一個self.top -= 1 return retif __name__ == '__main__': stack = Stack(5) stack.push_stack(0) stack.push_stack(1) stack.push_stack(2) stack.push_stack(3) stack.push_stack(4) stack.display_stack() #進棧數據有 5 個，出棧函數調用了 6 次，就出現了提示stack is empty! ret = stack.pop_stack() print(ret) stack.display_stack() ret = stack.pop_stack() print(ret) stack.display_stack() ret = stack.pop_stack() print(ret) stack.display_stack() ret = stack.pop_stack() print(ret) stack.display_stack() ret = stack.pop_stack() print(ret) stack.display_stack() ret = stack.pop_stack() print(ret) stack.display_stack()

執行結果：

class Stack(): def __init__ (self,size):self.size = sizeself.top = -1self.stack = [] def display_stack(self):print(self.stack) def push_stack(self,data):if len(self.stack ) >= self.size: print('stack over flow!') returnself.stack.append(data) self.top += 1 def peek_stack(self):if self.top == -1: #當棧內沒有數據時 提示 stack is empty! print('stack is empty!') returnpeek = self.stack[self.top] #棧不為空時，將棧頂的數據提取出來return peekif __name__ == '__main__': stack = Stack(5) stack.push_stack(0) stack.push_stack(1) stack.push_stack(2) stack.push_stack(3) stack.push_stack(4) stack.push_stack(5) stack.display_stack() peek = stack.peek_stack() print(peek)

執行結果：

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