iOS獲取設備唯一標識的實現步驟
UDID是一個40位十六進制序列（越獄的設備通過某些工具可以改變設備的 UDID），移動網絡可以利用 UDID 來識別移動設備。
許多開發者把 UDID 跟用戶的個人信息關聯起來，網絡窺探者會從多個應用收集這些數據，然后順藤摸瓜得到這個人的許多隱私數據，同時大部分應用確實在頻繁傳輸 UDID 和私人信息。 為了避免集體訴訟，蘋果最終決定在 iOS 5 的時候，將這一慣例廢除。
獲取UUID的方法：
/** 卸載應用重新安裝后會不一致*/+ (NSString *)getUUID{ return [UIDevice currentDevice].identifierForVendor.UUIDString;;}2. MAC 地址
MAC地址，用來表示互聯網上每一個站點的標示符，是一個六個字節（48位）的十六進制序列。前三個字節是由 IEEE 的注冊管理機構 RA 負責給不同廠家分配的”編制上唯一的標示符，后三個字節由各廠家自行指派給生產的適配器接口。
MAC 地址在網絡上用來區分設備的唯一性，接入網絡的設備都有一個MAC地址，他們肯定都是唯一的。一部 iPhone 上可能有多個 MAC 地址，包括 WIFI 的、SIM 的等，但是 iTouch 和 iPad 上就有一個 WIFI 的，因此只需獲取 WIFI 的 MAC 地址就好了。一般會采取 MD5（MAC 地址 + bundleID）獲取唯一標識。
但是 MAC 地址和 UDID 一樣，存在隱私問題， iOS 7 之后，所有設備請求 MAC 地址會返回一個固定值，這個方法也不攻自破了。
獲取MAC在github找到一個挺好的方法：
2.1 首先導入下面幾個庫：
#import 'XWGetMAC.h'#import <ifaddrs.h>#import <resolv.h>#import <arpa/inet.h>#import <net/if.h>#import <netdb.h>#import <netinet/ip.h>#import <net/ethernet.h>#import <net/if_dl.h>#define MDNS_PORT 5353#define QUERY_NAME '_apple-mobdev2._tcp.local'#define DUMMY_MAC_ADDR @'02:00:00:00:00:00'#define IOS_CELLULAR @'pdp_ip0'#define IOS_WIFI@'en0'#define IOS_VPN @'utun0'#define IP_ADDR_IPv4 @'ipv4'#define IP_ADDR_IPv6 @'ipv6'
+ (NSString *)getMAC:(BOOL)preferIPv4 {return [[XWGetMAC alloc] getIPAddress:preferIPv4];}/* * 獲取設備當前網絡IP地址 */- (NSString *)getIPAddress:(BOOL)preferIPv4{ NSArray *searchArray = preferIPv4 ? @[ IOS_VPN @'/' IP_ADDR_IPv4, IOS_VPN @'/' IP_ADDR_IPv6, IOS_WIFI @'/' IP_ADDR_IPv4, IOS_WIFI @'/' IP_ADDR_IPv6, IOS_CELLULAR @'/' IP_ADDR_IPv4, IOS_CELLULAR @'/' IP_ADDR_IPv6 ] : @[ IOS_VPN @'/' IP_ADDR_IPv6, IOS_VPN @'/' IP_ADDR_IPv4, IOS_WIFI @'/' IP_ADDR_IPv6, IOS_WIFI @'/' IP_ADDR_IPv4, IOS_CELLULAR @'/' IP_ADDR_IPv6, IOS_CELLULAR @'/' IP_ADDR_IPv4 ] ;NSDictionary *addresses = [self getIPAddr];__block NSString *address; [searchArray enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(NSString *key, NSUInteger idx, BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {address = addresses[key];//篩選出IP地址格式if([self isValidatIP:address]) *stop = YES; }]; return address ? address : @'0.0.0.0';}- (BOOL)isValidatIP:(NSString *)ipAddress { if (ipAddress.length == 0) {return NO; } NSString *urlRegEx = @'^([01]?dd?|2[0-4]d|25[0-5]).' '([01]?dd?|2[0-4]d|25[0-5]).' '([01]?dd?|2[0-4]d|25[0-5]).' '([01]?dd?|2[0-4]d|25[0-5])$';NSError *error; NSRegularExpression *regex = [NSRegularExpression regularExpressionWithPattern:urlRegEx options:0 error:&error];if (regex != nil) {NSTextCheckingResult *firstMatch=[regex firstMatchInString:ipAddress options:0 range:NSMakeRange(0, [ipAddress length])];return firstMatch; } return NO;}- (NSDictionary *)getIPAddr{ NSMutableDictionary *addresses = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithCapacity:8];// retrieve the current interfaces - returns 0 on success struct ifaddrs *interfaces; if(!getifaddrs(&interfaces)) {// Loop through linked list of interfacesstruct ifaddrs *interface;for(interface=interfaces; interface; interface=interface->ifa_next) { if(!(interface->ifa_flags & IFF_UP) /* || (interface->ifa_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) */ ) {continue; // deeply nested code harder to read } const struct sockaddr_in *addr = (const struct sockaddr_in*)interface->ifa_addr; char addrBuf[ MAX(INET_ADDRSTRLEN, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN) ]; if(addr && (addr->sin_family==AF_INET || addr->sin_family==AF_INET6)) {NSString *name = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:interface->ifa_name];NSString *type;if(addr->sin_family == AF_INET) { if(inet_ntop(AF_INET, &addr->sin_addr, addrBuf, INET_ADDRSTRLEN)) {type = IP_ADDR_IPv4; }} else { const struct sockaddr_in6 *addr6 = (const struct sockaddr_in6*)interface->ifa_addr; if(inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &addr6->sin6_addr, addrBuf, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN)) {type = IP_ADDR_IPv6; }}if(type) { NSString *key = [NSString stringWithFormat:@'%@/%@', name, type]; addresses[key] = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:addrBuf];} }}// Free memoryfreeifaddrs(interfaces); } return [addresses count] ? addresses : nil;}
/* * 獲取設備物理地址 */- (nullable NSString *)getMacAddress { res_9_init(); int len; //get currnet ip address NSString *ip = [self currentIPAddressOf:IOS_WIFI]; if(ip == nil) {fprintf(stderr, 'could not get current IP address of en0n');return DUMMY_MAC_ADDR; }//end if//set port and destination _res.nsaddr_list[0].sin_family = AF_INET; _res.nsaddr_list[0].sin_port = htons(MDNS_PORT); _res.nsaddr_list[0].sin_addr.s_addr = [self IPv4Pton:ip]; _res.nscount = 1;unsigned char response[NS_PACKETSZ]; //send mdns query if((len = res_9_query(QUERY_NAME, ns_c_in, ns_t_ptr, response, sizeof(response))) < 0) {fprintf(stderr, 'res_search(): %sn', hstrerror(h_errno));return DUMMY_MAC_ADDR; }//end if//parse mdns message ns_msg handle; if(ns_initparse(response, len, &handle) < 0) {fprintf(stderr, 'ns_initparse(): %sn', hstrerror(h_errno));return DUMMY_MAC_ADDR; }//end if//get answer length len = ns_msg_count(handle, ns_s_an); if(len < 0) {fprintf(stderr, 'ns_msg_count return zeron');return DUMMY_MAC_ADDR; }//end if//try to get mac address from data NSString *macAddress = nil; for(int i = 0 ; i < len ; i++) {ns_rr rr;ns_parserr(&handle, ns_s_an, 0, &rr);if(ns_rr_class(rr) == ns_c_in && ns_rr_type(rr) == ns_t_ptr && !strcmp(ns_rr_name(rr), QUERY_NAME)) { char *ptr = (char *)(ns_rr_rdata(rr) + 1); int l = (int)strcspn(ptr, '@');char *tmp = calloc(l + 1, sizeof(char)); if(!tmp) {perror('calloc()');continue; }//end if memcpy(tmp, ptr, l); macAddress = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:tmp]; free(tmp);}//end if }//end for each macAddress = macAddress ? macAddress : DUMMY_MAC_ADDR; return macAddress;}//end getMacAddressFromMDNS- (nonnull NSString *)currentIPAddressOf: (nonnull NSString *)device { struct ifaddrs *addrs; NSString *ipAddress = nil;if(getifaddrs(&addrs) != 0) {return nil; }//end if//get ipv4 address for(struct ifaddrs *addr = addrs ; addr ; addr = addr->ifa_next) {if(!strcmp(addr->ifa_name, [device UTF8String])) { if(addr->ifa_addr) {struct sockaddr_in *in_addr = (struct sockaddr_in *)addr->ifa_addr;if(in_addr->sin_family == AF_INET) { ipAddress = [self IPv4Ntop:in_addr->sin_addr.s_addr]; break;}//end if }//end if}//end if }//end forfreeifaddrs(addrs); return ipAddress;}//end currentIPAddressOf:- (nullable NSString *)IPv4Ntop: (in_addr_t)addr { char buffer[INET_ADDRSTRLEN] = {0}; return inet_ntop(AF_INET, &addr, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) ? [NSString stringWithUTF8String:buffer] : nil;}//end IPv4Ntop:- (in_addr_t)IPv4Pton: (nonnull NSString *)IPAddr { in_addr_t network = INADDR_NONE; return inet_pton(AF_INET, [IPAddr UTF8String], &network) == 1 ? network : INADDR_NONE;}//end IPv4Pton:
如果出現 “_res_9_ninit', referenced from:”這種報錯，是因為沒有添加步驟1的幾個庫
3.UUID+自己存儲3.1 獲取UUID的兩個方法/** 卸載應用重新安裝后會不一致*/+ (NSString *)getUUID{ CFUUIDRef uuid = CFUUIDCreate(NULL); NSString *UUID = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)CFUUIDCreateString(NULL, uuid); CFRelease(uuid); return UUID;} /** 卸載應用重新安裝后會不一致*/+ (NSString *)getUUID{ return [UIDevice currentDevice].identifierForVendor.UUIDString;;}
很明顯UUID已經不足以支持設備的唯一性了，目前很多App都有新用戶的優惠，但是又要保證每臺設備綁定一個賬戶，如果單純使用UUID的話已經滿足不了這個需求，所以，這里需要用keychain保存，這樣即使卸載app在安裝，獲取到的UUID也是唯一性的。
3.2 首先在項目中添加 KeyChain Sharing
在github搜索SSKeychain可以找到，只要 SSKeychain.h 和 SSKeychain.m 文件即可
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>#import <Security/Security.h>/** Error codes that can be returned in NSError objects. */typedef enum {/** No error. */SSKeychainErrorNone = noErr,/** Some of the arguments were invalid. */SSKeychainErrorBadArguments = -1001,/** There was no password. */SSKeychainErrorNoPassword = -1002,/** One or more parameters passed internally were not valid. */SSKeychainErrorInvalidParameter = errSecParam,/** Failed to allocate memory. */SSKeychainErrorFailedToAllocated = errSecAllocate,/** No trust results are available. */SSKeychainErrorNotAvailable = errSecNotAvailable,/** Authorization/Authentication failed. */SSKeychainErrorAuthorizationFailed = errSecAuthFailed,/** The item already exists. */SSKeychainErrorDuplicatedItem = errSecDuplicateItem,/** The item cannot be found.*/SSKeychainErrorNotFound = errSecItemNotFound,/** Interaction with the Security Server is not allowed. */SSKeychainErrorInteractionNotAllowed = errSecInteractionNotAllowed,/** Unable to decode the provided data. */SSKeychainErrorFailedToDecode = errSecDecode} SSKeychainErrorCode;extern NSString *const kSSKeychainErrorDomain;/** Account name. */extern NSString *const kSSKeychainAccountKey;/** Time the item was created. The value will be a string. */extern NSString *const kSSKeychainCreatedAtKey;/** Item class. */extern NSString *const kSSKeychainClassKey;/** Item description. */extern NSString *const kSSKeychainDescriptionKey;/** Item label. */extern NSString *const kSSKeychainLabelKey;/** Time the item was last modified. The value will be a string. */extern NSString *const kSSKeychainLastModifiedKey;/** Where the item was created. */extern NSString *const kSSKeychainWhereKey;/** Simple wrapper for accessing accounts, getting passwords, setting passwords, and deleting passwords using the system Keychain on Mac OS X and iOS. This was originally inspired by EMKeychain and SDKeychain (both of which are now gone). Thanks to the authors. SSKeychain has since switched to a simpler implementation that was abstracted from [SSToolkit](http://sstoolk.it). */@interface SSKeychain : NSObject///-----------------------/// @name Getting Accounts///-----------------------/** Returns an array containing the Keychain’s accounts, or `nil` if the Keychain has no accounts. See the `NSString` constants declared in SSKeychain.h for a list of keys that can be used when accessing the dictionaries returned by this method. @return An array of dictionaries containing the Keychain’s accounts, or `nil` if the Keychain doesn’t have any accounts. The order of the objects in the array isn’t defined. @see allAccounts: */+ (NSArray *)allAccounts;/** Returns an array containing the Keychain’s accounts, or `nil` if the Keychain doesn’t have any accounts. See the `NSString` constants declared in SSKeychain.h for a list of keys that can be used when accessing the dictionaries returned by this method. @param error If accessing the accounts fails, upon return contains an error that describes the problem. @return An array of dictionaries containing the Keychain’s accounts, or `nil` if the Keychain doesn’t have any accounts. The order of the objects in the array isn’t defined. @see allAccounts */+ (NSArray *)allAccounts:(NSError **)error;/** Returns an array containing the Keychain’s accounts for a given service, or `nil` if the Keychain doesn’t have any accounts for the given service. See the `NSString` constants declared in SSKeychain.h for a list of keys that can be used when accessing the dictionaries returned by this method. @param serviceName The service for which to return the corresponding accounts. @return An array of dictionaries containing the Keychain’s accountsfor a given `serviceName`, or `nil` if the Keychain doesn’t have any accounts for the given `serviceName`. The order of the objects in the array isn’t defined. @see accountsForService:error: */+ (NSArray *)accountsForService:(NSString *)serviceName;/** Returns an array containing the Keychain’s accounts for a given service, or `nil` if the Keychain doesn’t have any accounts for the given service. @param serviceName The service for which to return the corresponding accounts. @param error If accessing the accounts fails, upon return contains an error that describes the problem. @return An array of dictionaries containing the Keychain’s accountsfor a given `serviceName`, or `nil` if the Keychain doesn’t have any accounts for the given `serviceName`. The order of the objects in the array isn’t defined. @see accountsForService: */+ (NSArray *)accountsForService:(NSString *)serviceName error:(NSError **)error;///------------------------/// @name Getting Passwords///------------------------/** Returns a string containing the password for a given account and service, or `nil` if the Keychain doesn’t have a password for the given parameters. @param serviceName The service for which to return the corresponding password. @param account The account for which to return the corresponding password. @return Returns a string containing the password for a given account and service, or `nil` if the Keychain doesn’t have a password for the given parameters. @see passwordForService:account:error: */+ (NSString *)passwordForService:(NSString *)serviceName account:(NSString *)account;/** Returns a string containing the password for a given account and service, or `nil` if the Keychain doesn’t have a password for the given parameters. @param serviceName The service for which to return the corresponding password. @param account The account for which to return the corresponding password. @param error If accessing the password fails, upon return contains an error that describes the problem. @return Returns a string containing the password for a given account and service, or `nil` if the Keychain doesn’t have a password for the given parameters. @see passwordForService:account: */+ (NSString *)passwordForService:(NSString *)serviceName account:(NSString *)account error:(NSError **)error;/** Returns the password data for a given account and service, or `nil` if the Keychain doesn’t have data for the given parameters. @param serviceName The service for which to return the corresponding password. @param account The account for which to return the corresponding password. @param error If accessing the password fails, upon return contains an error that describes the problem. @return Returns a the password data for the given account and service, or `nil` if the Keychain doesn’t have data for the given parameters. @see passwordDataForService:account:error: */+ (NSData *)passwordDataForService:(NSString *)serviceName account:(NSString *)account;/** Returns the password data for a given account and service, or `nil` if the Keychain doesn’t have data for the given parameters. @param serviceName The service for which to return the corresponding password. @param account The account for which to return the corresponding password. @param error If accessing the password fails, upon return contains an error that describes the problem. @return Returns a the password data for the given account and service, or `nil` if the Keychain doesn’t have a password for the given parameters. @see passwordDataForService:account: */+ (NSData *)passwordDataForService:(NSString *)serviceName account:(NSString *)account error:(NSError **)error;///-------------------------/// @name Deleting Passwords///-------------------------/** Deletes a password from the Keychain. @param serviceName The service for which to delete the corresponding password. @param account The account for which to delete the corresponding password. @return Returns `YES` on success, or `NO` on failure. @see deletePasswordForService:account:error: */+ (BOOL)deletePasswordForService:(NSString *)serviceName account:(NSString *)account;/** Deletes a password from the Keychain. @param serviceName The service for which to delete the corresponding password. @param account The account for which to delete the corresponding password. @param error If deleting the password fails, upon return contains an error that describes the problem. @return Returns `YES` on success, or `NO` on failure. @see deletePasswordForService:account: */+ (BOOL)deletePasswordForService:(NSString *)serviceName account:(NSString *)account error:(NSError **)error;///------------------------/// @name Setting Passwords///------------------------/** Sets a password in the Keychain. @param password The password to store in the Keychain. @param serviceName The service for which to set the corresponding password. @param account The account for which to set the corresponding password. @return Returns `YES` on success, or `NO` on failure. @see setPassword:forService:account:error: */+ (BOOL)setPassword:(NSString *)password forService:(NSString *)serviceName account:(NSString *)account;/** Sets a password in the Keychain. @param password The password to store in the Keychain. @param serviceName The service for which to set the corresponding password. @param account The account for which to set the corresponding password. @param error If setting the password fails, upon return contains an error that describes the problem. @return Returns `YES` on success, or `NO` on failure. @see setPassword:forService:account: */+ (BOOL)setPassword:(NSString *)password forService:(NSString *)serviceName account:(NSString *)account error:(NSError **)error;/** Sets arbirary data in the Keychain. @param password The data to store in the Keychain. @param serviceName The service for which to set the corresponding password. @param account The account for which to set the corresponding password. @param error If setting the password fails, upon return contains an error that describes the problem. @return Returns `YES` on success, or `NO` on failure. @see setPasswordData:forService:account:error: */+ (BOOL)setPasswordData:(NSData *)password forService:(NSString *)serviceName account:(NSString *)account;/** Sets arbirary data in the Keychain. @param password The data to store in the Keychain. @param serviceName The service for which to set the corresponding password. @param account The account for which to set the corresponding password. @param error If setting the password fails, upon return contains an error that describes the problem. @return Returns `YES` on success, or `NO` on failure. @see setPasswordData:forService:account: */+ (BOOL)setPasswordData:(NSData *)password forService:(NSString *)serviceName account:(NSString *)account error:(NSError **)error;///--------------------/// @name Configuration///--------------------#if __IPHONE_4_0 && TARGET_OS_IPHONE/** Returns the accessibility type for all future passwords saved to the Keychain. @return Returns the accessibility type. The return value will be `NULL` or one of the 'Keychain Item Accessibility Constants' used for determining when a keychain item should be readable. @see accessibilityType */+ (CFTypeRef)accessibilityType;/** Sets the accessibility type for all future passwords saved to the Keychain. @param accessibilityType One of the 'Keychain Item Accessibility Constants' used for determining when a keychain item should be readable. If the value is `NULL` (the default), the Keychain default will be used. @see accessibilityType */+ (void)setAccessibilityType:(CFTypeRef)accessibilityType;#endif@end3.4 創建新類，引用 SSKeychain 封裝
#import 'GetKeychain.h'#import 'SSKeychain.h'@implementation GetKeychain+ (NSString *)getDeviceUUID { NSString *currentDeviceUUIDStr = [SSKeychain passwordForService:@'項目boudle id' account:@'uuid']; if (currentDeviceUUIDStr == nil || [currentDeviceUUIDStr isEqualToString:@'']) {NSUUID *currentDeviceUUID = [UIDevice currentDevice].identifierForVendor;currentDeviceUUIDStr = currentDeviceUUID.UUIDString;currentDeviceUUIDStr = [currentDeviceUUIDStr stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@'-' withString:@''];currentDeviceUUIDStr = [currentDeviceUUIDStr lowercaseString];[SSKeychain setPassword: currentDeviceUUIDStr forService:@'項目boudle id' account:@'uuid']; }return currentDeviceUUIDStr;}@end
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