1.新建一個(gè)maven項(xiàng)目

2.在pom.xml中，配置所需的jar包及其版本號(hào)

<!-- 設(shè)置自定義屬性和值 --> <properties> <spring.version>4.1.7.RELEASE</spring.version> <hibernate.version>4.3.11.Final</hibernate.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- spring配置 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- SpringAOP需要依賴這個(gè)jar包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.8.13</version> </dependency> <!-- 引入servlet --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> <version>3.1.0</version> </dependency> <!-- SpringMVC文件上傳時(shí)依賴這個(gè)jar包 --> <dependency> <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> <version>1.4</version> </dependency> <!-- 引入Jackson相關(guān)依賴 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>2.8.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>2.8.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>2.8.1</version> </dependency> <!-- 引入jstl包 --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId> <artifactId>jstl-api</artifactId> <version>1.2</version> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>taglibs</groupId> <artifactId>standard</artifactId> <version>1.1.2</version> </dependency><!-- spring-data-jpa --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId> <version>1.9.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency><!-- hibernate 配置 4.3.11.Final --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫的驅(qū)動(dòng)包 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.1.6</version> </dependency> <!-- c3p0數(shù)據(jù)庫連接池 --> <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.mchange/c3p0 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.mchange</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>0.9.5.2</version> </dependency> <!-- java單元測(cè)試框架 --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> </dependency> <!-- spring 與Junit整合相關(guān)依賴 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- apache工具包 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId> <version>3.7</version> </dependency> <!-- md5 加密相關(guān)依賴 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi</artifactId> <version>3.17</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId> <version>3.17</version> </dependency> <!-- 發(fā)送郵件 --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.mail</groupId> <artifactId>mail</artifactId> <version>1.4.7</version> </dependency> <!-- 下載壓縮附件 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.ant</groupId> <artifactId>ant</artifactId> <version>1.9.7</version> </dependency> </dependencies>

3.建造完成后，自動(dòng)生成一個(gè)web.xml

在web.xml中: A. 加載Spring配置文件 B. 配置Spring的監(jiān)聽 C. 配置SpringMVC的核心控制器 D. 配置編碼過濾器,作用:防止中文亂碼 E. 配置驗(yàn)證碼相關(guān)servlet（有需要的話）

代碼如下：

<!-- 加載Spring配置文件 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!--配置Spring的監(jiān)聽--> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 配置SpringMVC的核心控制器 攔截所有請(qǐng)求 --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springMVC.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 配置編碼過濾器,作用:防止中文亂碼 --> <filter> <filter-name>abc</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <async-supported>true</async-supported> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>abc</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 配置驗(yàn)證碼相關(guān)servlet --><servlet> <servlet-name>CheckCodeServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>cn.fh.servlet.CheckCodeServlet</servlet-class> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>CheckCodeServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/CheckCodeServlet</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>

4.在resources文件夾下，創(chuàng)建并配置applicationContext.xml和springMVC.xml文件

applicationContext.xml中詳細(xì)配置：A. 創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)源：創(chuàng)建c3p0連接池，連接數(shù)據(jù)庫B. 根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)源，創(chuàng)建實(shí)體管理工廠C. 配置事務(wù)D. SpringDataJpa的相關(guān)配置 E. 開啟組件的掃描F. 定義advice,配置傳播特性、事務(wù)隔離級(jí)別、只讀事務(wù)、回滾策略G. 切點(diǎn)配置 execution

springMVC.xmlA. 開啟注解B. 放開靜態(tài)資源C. 配置視圖解析器D. 上傳文件相關(guān)配置E. 注冊(cè)攔截器

5.新建model層，在實(shí)體類中，通過注解的方式來配置數(shù)據(jù)庫中表的信息

@Entity 表明這是一個(gè)實(shí)體類@Table(name = '')在數(shù)據(jù)庫中生成對(duì)應(yīng)的表名@Id聲明主鍵@GeneratedValue設(shè)置主鍵生成策略 GenerationType.IDENTITY mySql主鍵生成策略 GenerationType.SEQUENCE oracle主鍵生成策略 GenerationType.AUTO 根據(jù)不同的數(shù)據(jù)庫，設(shè)置對(duì)應(yīng)的主鍵生成策略

6.新建repository層，并創(chuàng)建接口，同時(shí)繼承兩個(gè)接口

其中：

分別是: JpaRepository<T,ID>和JpaSpecificationExecutor<T> T 與model層對(duì)象相對(duì)應(yīng) ID跟model層對(duì)象Id的類型相對(duì)應(yīng) JpaRepository:排序，分頁，一些簡單的增刪改查 JpaSpecificationExecutor:復(fù)雜的動(dòng)態(tài)條件查詢

7.新建service serviceImpl controller層，并完成自動(dòng)注入(通過@Autowired注解)

其中：

serviceImpl類中注入repository

@Autowiredprivate UserRepository userRepository;

controller層中注入service

@Autowiredprivate UserService userService;

8.新建controller層之后，先測(cè)試一下項(xiàng)目的視圖解析器(@RequestMapping) 和springMVC攔截器（主要通過@ResponseBody注解，把返回的結(jié)果轉(zhuǎn)換為json格式，給瀏覽器），然后再進(jìn)行后續(xù)代碼的具體編寫。

// 測(cè)試攔截器@RequestMapping('test') @ResponseBodypublic String test(){ return 'test';}// 測(cè)試SpringMVC視圖解析器@RequestMapping('toIndex')public String toIndex(){ return 'index';}

9.將項(xiàng)目部署到tomcat下，并運(yùn)行此項(xiàng)目。

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