TKinter

Python 的 GUI 庫非常多，之所以選擇 Tkinter，一是最為簡單，二是自帶庫，不需下載安裝，隨時使用，跨平臺兼容性非常好，三則是從需求出發的，Python 在實際應用中極少用于開發復雜的桌面應用，畢竟，Python 的各種 GUI 工具包都“一般得很”，不具備優勢。

貼吧看到的一個求助題，大致需求是：3個人搖骰子，每人搖3次，點數之和最大的獲勝，支持玩家名稱輸入。我覺得這個題目挺有意思的，做了個界面程序，歡迎大家交流指正~

#!usr/bin/env python# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# author: ***# date: 2020/06/10from tkinter import *import tkinter as tkimport randomimport timefrom threading import Threadroot = Tk()root.geometry(’620x660’)root.title(’搖骰子’)sigpic = PhotoImage(file=’signature.png’)shake_cup = PhotoImage(file=’touzi/box.png’)crown = PhotoImage(file=’touzi/win.png’)readystate = 3playing = Falseused_name = set()result_dict = dict()remain = 3esv_A = StringVar()esv_B = StringVar()esv_C = StringVar()pi_list = list()for i in range(1, 7): pi = PhotoImage(file=r’touzi/t%s.png’ % i) pi_list.append(pi)def set_name(cw, ew, nw): global readystate entryV = ew.get() if entryV: if entryV in used_name: default = nw[’text’] nw.config(text='名稱已存在！') cw.config(state=tk.DISABLED) font_shake(nw, default) cw.config(state=tk.ACTIVE) else: used_name.add(entryV) nw.config(text=entryV) ew.config(state=tk.DISABLED) cw.config(state=tk.DISABLED) readystate -= 1 if readystate == 0: for i in 'ABC': eval(’play_btn_%s.config(state=tk.ACTIVE, text='第一次機會')’ % i)def throw_touzi(pw, rw, nw): global playing global remain if pw[’text’]=='第一次機會': playing = True pbStack.remove(pw) for widget in pbStack: widget.config(state=tk.DISABLED) pw.config(state=tk.DISABLED, text=’第二次機會’) elif pw[’text’]=='第二次機會': pw.config(state=tk.DISABLED, text=’第三次機會’) else: playing = False remain -= 1 pw.config(state=tk.DISABLED, text=’play’) thread = Thread(target=change_img, args=[pw, rw, nw]) thread.start()def change_img(pw, rw, nw): result_number = random.randint(1, 6) ranum_list = list() times = 5 while times: ranum = random.randint(1, 6) if ranum not in ranum_list: ranum_list.append(ranum) times = times - 1 for i in ranum_list: time.sleep(0.3) throw_label.config(image=pi_list[i-1]) time.sleep(0.3) throw_label.config(image=pi_list[result_number-1]) time.sleep(0.5) if rw[’text’] == '結果': rw[’text’] = str(result_number) else: rw[’text’] = str(rw[’text’]) + '+%s' % result_number time.sleep(0.5) rw[’text’] = eval(rw[’text’]) if pw[’text’] != 'play': pw.config(state=tk.ACTIVE) if playing == False: result_dict[nw[’text’]] = rw[’text’] for widget in pbStack: widget.config(state=tk.ACTIVE) if not remain: result_list = sorted(result_dict.items(), reverse=True, key=lambda rt: rt[1]) if result_list[0][1] == result_list[1][1]: if result_list[1][1] == result_list[2][1]: throw_winner[’text’] = '>> 平局 <<' else: winner = result_list[0][0] + ', ' + result_list[1][0] throw_winner[’text’] = 'Winner: %s' % winner else: winner = result_list[0][0] throw_winner[’text’] = 'Winner: %s' % winner throw_label[’image’] = crown reset_btn.config(state=tk.ACTIVE, text=’重新開始’, relief=’raised’)def font_shake(nw, default): nw.config(foreground=’red’) for i in range(5): if i%2 == 0: time.sleep(0.05) nw.config(anchor=’n’) else: time.sleep(0.05) nw.config(anchor=’s’) root.update() nw.config(anchor=’c’) root.update() time.sleep(0.5) nw.config(text=default, foreground=’black’)def restart(): global readystate, used_name, result_dict, remain, pbStack throw_label[’image’] = shake_cup readystate = 3 used_name = set() result_dict = dict() remain = 3 pbStack = {play_btn_A, play_btn_B, play_btn_C} reset_btn.config(state=tk.DISABLED, relief=’flat’, text=’’) for i in 'ABC': eval(’name_%s.config(text='player %s')’ % (i, i)) eval(’entry_%s.config(state=tk.NORMAL)’ % i) eval(’esv_%s.set('')’ % i) eval(’confirm_btn_%s.config(state=tk.ACTIVE)’ % i) eval(’result_%s.config(text='結果')’ % i) throw_winner[’text’] = ''box_frame_A = Frame(root)box_frame_A.grid(column=1, ipadx=3)name_A = Label(box_frame_A, text=’player A’, height=2)name_A.pack()signature_A = Label(box_frame_A, image=sigpic)signature_A.pack()play_btn_A = Button(box_frame_A, text=’play’, command=lambda : throw_touzi(play_btn_A, result_A, name_A))play_btn_A.pack(side=BOTTOM, pady=3)result_A = Label(box_frame_A, text=’結果’)result_A.pack(side=BOTTOM)entry_A = Entry(box_frame_A, textvariable=esv_A)entry_A.pack(side=LEFT, padx=5)confirm_btn_A = Button(box_frame_A, text=’確定’, command=lambda : set_name(confirm_btn_A, entry_A, name_A))confirm_btn_A.pack(side=LEFT)center_frame = Frame(root)center_frame.grid(row=1, column=1, pady=20)throw_label = Label(center_frame, image=shake_cup)throw_label.pack()throw_winner = Label(center_frame)throw_winner.pack()reset_btn = Button(center_frame, state=tk.DISABLED, relief=’flat’, command=restart)reset_btn.pack()box_frame_B = Frame(root)box_frame_B.grid(row=3, padx=10)name_B = Label(box_frame_B, text=’player B’, height=2)name_B.pack()signature_B = Label(box_frame_B, image=sigpic)signature_B.pack()play_btn_B = Button(box_frame_B, text=’play’, command=lambda : throw_touzi(play_btn_B, result_B, name_B))play_btn_B.pack(side=BOTTOM)result_B = Label(box_frame_B, text=’結果’)result_B.pack(side=BOTTOM)entry_B = Entry(box_frame_B, textvariable=esv_B)entry_B.pack(side=LEFT, padx=5)confirm_btn_B = Button(box_frame_B, text=’確定’, command=lambda : set_name(confirm_btn_B, entry_B, name_B))confirm_btn_B.pack(side=LEFT)box_frame_C = Frame(root)box_frame_C.grid(row=3, column=2, padx=10)name_C = Label(box_frame_C, text=’player C’, height=2)name_C.pack()signature_C = Label(box_frame_C, image=sigpic)signature_C.pack()play_btn_C = Button(box_frame_C, text=’play’, command=lambda : throw_touzi(play_btn_C, result_C, name_C))play_btn_C.pack(side=BOTTOM)result_C = Label(box_frame_C, text=’結果’)result_C.pack(side=BOTTOM)entry_C = Entry(box_frame_C, textvariable=esv_C)entry_C.pack(side=LEFT, padx=5)confirm_btn_C = Button(box_frame_C, text=’確定’, command=lambda : set_name(confirm_btn_C, entry_C, name_C))confirm_btn_C.pack(side=LEFT)if __name__ == ’__main__’: pbStack = {play_btn_A, play_btn_B, play_btn_C} for i in 'ABC': eval(’play_btn_%s.config(state=tk.DISABLED)’ % i) root.mainloop()

程序界面截圖：

1.初始界面

2.就緒界面

3.結果界面

總結

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