1. 參照官網，安裝docker

2.拉取mysql鏡像 （默認拉取最新的鏡像）8.0.11

docker pull mysql

3.在宿主機創建持久化 mysql data 及mysql.cnf

mkdir /usr/local/mysqlData/test/cnfmkdir /usr/local/mysqlData/test/datavi /usr/loal/mysqlData/test/cnf/mysql.cnf

設置本地文件共享：

Docker -> Preferences... -> File Sharing

4.添加操作權限

chmod 777 /usr/local/mysqlData/test/data 備注：掛載時權限驗證（操作權限）

5.運行鏡像，設置初始密碼、本機與docker端口的映射與掛載本地數據盤 (啟動msyql服務)

docker run -itd -p 3307:3306 --name test_mysql -v /usr/local/mysqlData/test/conf:/etc/mysql -v /usr/local/mysqlData/test/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql

運行結果：

6. 進入test_mysql 容器

Docker exec -it test_mysql bash

如圖：

7.在容器內登錄mysql

8.查看用戶信息

mysql> select user,host,authentication_string from mysql.user;+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+| user | host | authentication_string |+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+| root | % | $A$005$7o{’|’AomAw(QvF#.p5wLtCnrG6yX6XQdDVQivGr96POVL.gKnhIAhUhl3. || mysql.infoschema | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE || mysql.session | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE || mysql.sys | localhost | *THISISNOTAVALIDPASSWORDTHATCANBEUSEDHERE || root | localhost | $A$005$0.-%i)H{uYi@zFo7uYF82fYw7DsA93vYLr4uZv6I1tSKao0sbzzcDap3 |+------------------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

9.設置權限（為root分配權限，以便可以遠程連接）

mysql> grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to root@’%’ WITH GRANT OPTION;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

10.由于Mysql5.6以上的版本修改了Password算法，這里需要更新密碼算法，便于使用Navicat連接

mysql> grant all PRIVILEGES on *.* to root@’%’ WITH GRANT OPTION;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> ALTER user ’root’@’%’ IDENTIFIED BY ’123456’ PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)mysql> ALTER user ’root’@’%’ IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY ’123456’;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.11 sec)mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

11. 使用navicat 連接mysql,如圖：

12.建庫、建表、加數據

查看掛載本地數據盤的內容：

13. 測試將容器移除后，數據是否仍然存在

docker rm -f test_msyql

容器已經移除了。重新部署test_mysql,參照第5的步驟，進入新容器，訪問數據庫：

xushijiandeiMac:data xushijian$ docker run -itd -p 3307:3306 --name test_mysql -v /usr/local/mysqlData/test/conf:/etc/mysql -v /usr/local/mysqlData/test/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql65b7a60050aaef5765ed055acfd071c7c76f60e85dc25d0e73e0d56eae14aed1xushijiandeiMac:data xushijian$ docker exec -it test_mysql bashroot@65b7a60050aa:/# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.Your MySQL connection id is 8Server version: 8.0.11 MySQL Community Server - GPLCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type ’help;’ or ’h’ for help. Type ’c’ to clear the current input statement.mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql || performance_schema || sys|| test|+--------------------+5 rows in set (0.01 sec)mysql> use test;Reading table information for completion of table and column namesYou can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -ADatabase changedmysql> select * from user_user;+---------+-----------+-------------+--------+| user_id | user_name | phone | note |+---------+-----------+-------------+--------+| 1 | 沒長正 | 13980000000 | 測試 |+---------+-----------+-------------+--------+1 row in set (0.06 sec)

發現數據仍然可以使用，不需要額外的配置，實現了數據的持久化。

阿里云上docker 部署 MySQL(通過編排模板部署)

<1. 配置同第3步類似（只是目錄變化）

master: image: ’mysql:latest’ environment: - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 ports: - ’3307:3306/tcp’ volumes: - ’/usr/local/mysqlData/master/conf:/etc/mysql:rw’ - ’/usr/local/mysqlData/master/data:/var/lib/mysql:rw’ labels: aliyun.scale: ’1’

<2.如下圖,已部署完成

[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1 ~]# clear[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1 ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES8597b7539a3a mysql:latest 'docker-entrypoint...' 3 minutes ago Up 3 minutes 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp mysql_master_1

<3.進入容器，進行權限設置，后續過程參照本機

[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1 /]# docker exec -it mysql_master_1 bashroot@2fc0bbf48941-mysql-master-1:/# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.Your MySQL connection id is 8Server version: 8.0.11 MySQL Community Server - GPLCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type ’help;’ or ’h’ for help. Type ’c’ to clear the current input statement.mysql>

<4. 開放3307端口，使得外網可以訪問

云服務器ECS -> 安全組 -> 選擇所在的地區 ->配置規則 -> 添加安全組

添加安全組，如圖：

5.外網訪問，如下圖

已連接成功。

主從環境搭建：

主庫：

[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1 ~]# docker exec -it mysql_master_1 bashroot@2fc0bbf48941-mysql-master-1:/# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.Your MySQL connection id is 9Server version: 8.0.11 MySQL Community Server - GPLCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type ’help;’ or ’h’ for help. Type ’c’ to clear the current input statement.mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql || performance_schema || sys|+--------------------+4 rows in set (0.30 sec)mysql> create database test;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.12 sec)mysql> show database;ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ’database’ at line 1mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql || performance_schema || sys|| test|+--------------------+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

從庫：

[root@c13a6d832fd0a49398c62002361d75c60-node1 ~]# docker exec -it mysql-slave_slave_1 bashroot@c8661e16e3fd-mysql-slave-slave-1:/# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.Your MySQL connection id is 10Server version: 8.0.11 MySQL Community Server - GPLCopyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type ’help;’ or ’h’ for help. Type ’c’ to clear the current input statement.mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql || performance_schema || sys|+--------------------+4 rows in set (0.40 sec)mysql> show slave statusG*************************** 1. row ***************************Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event 主從配置成功！ Master_Host: 47.94.225.124 Master_User: rep Master_Port: 3307Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: binlog.000003 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 155Relay_Log_File: c8661e16e3fd-mysql-slave-slave-1-relay-bin.000004Relay_Log_Pos: 363 Relay_Master_Log_File: binlog.000003 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 155 Relay_Log_Space: 762 Until_Condition: NoneUntil_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path:Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: NoLast_IO_Errno: 0Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: a482f5fe-80fb-11e8-9fb1-0242ac12020c Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: Master_TLS_Version: Master_public_key_path: Get_master_public_key: 01 row in set (0.00 sec)mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql || performance_schema || sys|+--------------------+4 rows in set (1.01 sec)mysql> show database;ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near ’database’ at line 1mysql> show databases;+--------------------+| Database |+--------------------+| information_schema || mysql || performance_schema || sys|| test|+--------------------+5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

主從庫原理分析：

i/o線程去請求主庫 的binlog，并將得到的binlog日志寫到relay log（中繼日志） 文件中； 主庫會生成一個 log dump 線程，用來給從庫 i/o線程傳binlog；

SQL 線程，會讀取relay log文件中的日志，并解析成具體操作，來實現主從的操作一致，而最終數據一致；

即： 從庫IO線程請求 -> 中繼日志 ->獲取binlog ->從庫SQL線程，解析

參考：

https://docs.docker.com/ docker 官網文檔

https://blog.csdn.net/gf0515/article/details/80466213 Mac Navicat連接Docker MySql8.0

docker mysql 主從復制

https://blog.csdn.net/qq_28804275/article/details/80891951 主從環境搭建

docker mysql Dockerfile mysql 開源鏡像Dockerfile及配置

https://www.cnblogs.com/Aiapple/p/5792939.html 主從復制原理、高可用分析

http://www.cnblogs.com/Aiapple/p/5793786.html 實戰

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